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The Use of Reverse Phase Protein Arrays RPPA to Explore Protein Expression Variation within Individual Renal Cell Cancers
Published on: January 22, 2013
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First-line ICIs in renal cell carcinoma
Vincenzo Fiorentino1, Pietro Tralongo2, Luigi Maria Larocca3
1Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", Pathology Section, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
|July 3, 2023
Summary
Treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) now uses targeted therapies like PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition. These immune checkpoint inhibitors restore the body's immune response to fight cancer, improving patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
Background:
- Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treatment has evolved significantly.
- Traditional therapies like interferon alfa (IFN-α) and high-dose interleukin-2 (HD IL-2) have been largely replaced.
- New targeted therapies focus on tumoral neoangiogenesis, the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, and immune checkpoints.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current therapeutic protocols for mRCC.
- To highlight the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in mRCC treatment.
- To discuss the combination of ICIs with other drugs.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of therapeutic protocols for mRCC.
- Focus on studies involving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).
- Analysis of treatment strategies including monotherapy and combination therapy with ICIs.
Main Results:
- Immune checkpoint inhibition, particularly PD-1/PD-L1 blockade, is now a standard of care for mRCC.
- ICIs restore antitumor immune responses, leading to immune-mediated cancer cell elimination.
- PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition improves prognoses in mRCC patients who have failed other targeted therapies.
Conclusions:
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors represent a major advancement in mRCC treatment.
- ICIs offer improved outcomes for mRCC patients, especially after prior targeted therapies.
- The review covers ICI-based protocols, alone or in combination with other agents.
Keywords:
Immune checkpoint inhibition
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