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Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

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Relationship Between Interoception and Autistic Traits: A Resting-State Functional Connectivity Study.

Han-Xue Yang^1,2, Yi-Jing Zhang^1,2, Hui-Xin Hu^1,2

¹Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Beijing, 100101, China.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

|July 3, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Autistic traits are linked to altered brain connectivity in healthy adults. Lower resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) between brain regions was associated with higher autistic traits and poorer interoception.

Keywords:

Autism spectrum disorders Autistic traits Interoception Resting-state functional connectivity

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Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Published on: April 22, 2015

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychology
Autism Research

Background:

Interoception, the body's internal sensory awareness, is often impaired in autism spectrum disorders (ASD).
Subclinical autistic traits, milder forms of ASD symptoms, are prevalent in the general population and may offer insights into ASD pathophysiology.
Understanding the neural underpinnings of interoception in relation to autistic traits is crucial for identifying potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC), interoception, and autistic traits in healthy adults.
To explore how neural network alterations in the general population relate to core features of autism.

Main Methods:

Sixty-two healthy young adults underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess rsFC.
Participants completed self-report measures of autistic traits and interoceptive abilities (accuracy and sensibility).
Statistical analyses examined correlations between rsFC, interoceptive measures, and autistic trait scores.

Main Results:

Negative correlations were found between autistic traits and rsFC between the lateral ventral anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex.
Interoceptive accuracy and sensibility positively correlated with rsFC in networks involving the cerebellum, supplementary motor area, and visual regions.
Decreased rsFC within the interoceptive brain network partially mediated the negative relationship between interoception and autistic traits.

Conclusions:

The findings suggest that reduced interoceptive brain network connectivity is associated with higher autistic traits in healthy individuals.
Both self-report and neural connectivity measures contribute to understanding the link between interoception and autistic traits.
These results highlight the role of interoceptive processing and associated neural pathways in the manifestation of autistic characteristics.