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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Weight loss to disrupt type 2 diabetes.

Moath S Alsaqaaby1,2, Carel W le Roux1

  • 1Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

Diabetology International
|July 3, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Significant weight loss can modify type 2 diabetes, offering benefits beyond blood sugar control. A 15% or greater total body weight loss is recommended for managing obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Keywords:
Diabetes mellitusHealth benefitsObesityQuality of lifeWeight loss

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Obesity is a disease linked to severe illness and death.
  • Type 2 diabetes is a common metabolic complication of obesity due to shared pathophysiology.
  • Weight loss improves metabolic abnormalities and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on intentional weight loss for type 2 diabetes management.
  • To propose a weight-based treatment goal for patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on weight loss interventions in type 2 diabetes.
  • Analysis of the impact of weight loss on glycemic control and cardiometabolic risk factors.
  • Synthesis of evidence to support a weight-based approach.

Main Results:

  • A total body weight loss of 15% or more has disease-modifying effects in type 2 diabetes.
  • Weight loss provides benefits beyond glycemic control, improving cardiometabolic risk factors and well-being.
  • Intentional weight loss is a powerful tool for managing type 2 diabetes in obese individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Intentional weight loss is crucial for managing type 2 diabetes in obese patients.
  • A weight-based treatment approach should be considered for type 2 diabetes management.
  • Achieving substantial weight loss can lead to significant improvements in diabetes and overall health.