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The MIND diet, brain transcriptomic alterations, and dementia.

Jun Li1,2, Ana W Capuano3,4, Puja Agarwal3,5

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The MIND diet, a dietary pattern, is linked to specific brain gene expression profiles. This transcriptomic profile is associated with slower cognitive decline and reduced dementia risk, suggesting molecular mechanisms for diet

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Identifying novel dementia mechanisms is crucial for effective prevention and treatment strategies.
  • The Mediterranean-DASH Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet is a known factor influencing dementia risk.

Approach:

  • RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analyzed postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex tissue from 1,204 participants.
  • Elastic net regression identified a 50-gene transcriptomic profile correlated with MIND diet adherence in 482 individuals.
  • Multivariable analysis and Mendelian randomization assessed the association between the transcriptomic profile and cognitive decline/dementia in remaining participants.

Key Points:

  • A 50-gene transcriptomic profile significantly correlated with MIND diet adherence was identified (P=0.001).
  • Higher MIND diet transcriptomic scores were associated with slower global cognitive decline (β=0.011, P=0.003) and lower dementia odds (OR=0.76, P=0.0002).
  • Specific gene expressions, like TCIM, potentially mediate the diet-dementia association, with genetically predicted profiles linked to dementia risk (OR=0.93, P=0.04).

Conclusions:

  • Dietary patterns like the MIND diet may influence cognitive health through alterations in brain gene expression.
  • Investigating diet-related molecular changes in the brain can reveal novel pathways implicated in dementia.
  • These findings highlight the potential of transcriptomic analysis in understanding diet's role in neurodegenerative diseases.