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Action of ketotifen on different functions of neutrophil polymorphonuclear cells
Abstract:
The results concerning the action of Ketotifen "in vitro" on the adherence, spontaneous and chemotactic mobility and phagocytosis of neutrophil polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) of the non-specific immunological system are presented. PMN cells were incubated for 30 min at 37 degrees C prior to the evaluation of different functions, with the following concentrations of Ketotifen: 1, 10 and 100 ng, and 1 and 10 micrograms/ml., final concentration. PMN cell adherence to glass spheres was unaffected by doses of the drug considered to have pharmacological action; however, a statistically significant enhancement was observed in this function from a concentration of 10 ng./ml. onwards. Mobility, both spontaneous and chemotactic was inhibited in the presence of Ketotifen only at high doses; the chemotactic function was more susceptible to the action of the drug at doses of 10 ng./ml. than spontaneous mobility, which required ten-fold greater concentrations for inhibition to take place. Likewise, the phagocytosis of C. albicans was inhibited by the presence of the drug at doses of 10 ng./ml. and higher. In conclusion, Ketotifen in PMN cells at pharmacological doses only induces a slight increase in adherence and a decrease in the functions of mobility and phagocytosis of C. albicans; at least "in vitro", much higher concentrations, which are not found with the doses usually employed, are required for these functions to be altered significantly.
Insights
Ketotifen (a drug) slightly increases neutrophil adherence but inhibits their mobility and phagocytosis of Candida albicans in vitro at higher concentrations. Pharmacological doses show minimal effects on these immune cell functions.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Neutrophil polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) are crucial components of the non-specific immune system.
- Understanding the in vitro effects of drugs on PMN functions is essential for assessing their immunomodulatory potential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the in vitro effects of Ketotifen on PMN adherence, spontaneous and chemotactic mobility, and phagocytosis.
- To determine the dose-dependent responses of PMN functions to Ketotifen exposure.
Main Methods:
- PMN cells were incubated with varying concentrations of Ketotifen (1 ng/ml to 10 µg/ml) for 30 minutes at 37°C.
- Assessed PMN adherence to glass spheres, spontaneous and chemotactic mobility, and phagocytosis of Candida albicans.
Main Results:
- Ketotifen did not affect PMN adherence at lower doses but significantly enhanced it from 10 ng/ml upwards.
- Both spontaneous and chemotactic mobility were inhibited by Ketotifen only at high doses, with chemotaxis being more sensitive.
- Phagocytosis of C. albicans was inhibited by Ketotifen at concentrations of 10 ng/ml and higher.
Conclusions:
- Pharmacological doses of Ketotifen in vitro induce a minor increase in PMN adherence and decrease mobility and phagocytosis.
- Significant alterations in these PMN functions require higher Ketotifen concentrations than typically used therapeutically.