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Related Concept Videos

The Extracellular Matrix01:29

The Extracellular Matrix

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Overview
In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...
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Green Algae01:21

Green Algae

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Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
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Extracellular Matrix01:26

Extracellular Matrix

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Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. This extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of fibrous proteins like collagen, elastin, and fibronectin in a ground substance consisting of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans. The proteoglycans form a gel-like material in the spaces between cells and provide hydration, buffering, binding, and force...
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Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions

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The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
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Matrix Proteoglycans and Glycoproteins01:21

Matrix Proteoglycans and Glycoproteins

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Proteoglycans are extensively glycosylated proteins, commonly found in the extracellular matrix, interwoven with collagen fibers. Hyaline cartilage, the most common type of cartilage in the body, consists of short and dispersed collagen fibers associated with large amounts of proteoglycans. These proteoglycans have long negative charges that attract cations, which in turn attract water molecules. This influx of ions and water molecules swells up the proteoglycan like a water-soaked gel that can...
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Other Algae01:19

Other Algae

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The group Stramenopiles include some phototrophic microorganisms. Members of this group possess flagella covered in numerous short, hairlike extensions, a feature that inspired the group's name, derived from the Latin words for "straw" and "hair." Some of the main categories of Stramenopiles include diatoms, golden algae, and brown algae.Diatoms are unicellular, photosynthetic eukaryotes, with over 200 known genera. They play a key role in the planktonic communities of both marine and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 24, 2025

A Rapid, Scalable Method for the Isolation, Functional Study, and Analysis of Cell-derived Extracellular Matrix
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A Rapid, Scalable Method for the Isolation, Functional Study, and Analysis of Cell-derived Extracellular Matrix

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The extracellular matrix of green algae.

David S Domozych1, Josephine G LoRicco1

  • 1Department of Biology, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA.

Plant Physiology
|July 3, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Green algae possess diverse extracellular matrix (ECM) components, including cell walls. Recent advances refine our understanding of algal ECM, revealing insights into plant evolution and stress responses.

Area of Science:

  • Algal Biology and Biochemistry
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Green algae exhibit a wide array of extracellular matrix (ECM) structures, such as cell walls (CW), scales, and mucilage.
  • The ECM plays crucial roles in algal cell structure, environmental interactions, and evolutionary pathways.

Approach:

  • Genomic and transcriptomic screening to identify ECM-related genes.
  • Advanced biochemical analyses to characterize ECM composition.
  • Immunocytochemical studies and ecophysiological assessments to understand ECM function and modulation.

Key Points:

  • Recent research has significantly advanced the understanding of green algal ECM composition and function.
  • In charophyte algae, ECM components offer insights into plant evolution and adaptation to environmental stress.

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  • Chlorophyte algae produce diverse ECMs with potential applications in medicine, food, and biofuel production.

    • Conclusions:

    • The study highlights significant recent advances in understanding the green algal ECM.
    • Further research into algal ECM can unlock novel biotechnological applications and evolutionary insights.