AflatoxinB₁ (AFB₁ ) and its toxic effect on the broilers intestine: A review

Area of Science:

• Poultry Science
• Toxicology
• Animal Health

Background:

• Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a prevalent mycotoxin causing significant toxicity in broilers.
• The intestine is the primary target organ affected by AFB1 exposure.
• AFB1 exposure leads to oxidative damage, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and immune system compromise.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the detrimental effects of AFB1-induced intestinal damage on broiler production.
• To summarize current knowledge on AFB1's impact on broiler intestinal health.
• To highlight the economic implications of AFB1 contamination in the poultry industry.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Web of Science.
• Synthesis of existing research on AFB1's effects on broiler gastrointestinal systems.
• Analysis of AFB1's impact on intestinal architecture, immune function, and microbiota.

Main Results:

• AFB1 disrupts intestinal barrier function by damaging gut epithelium integrity and architecture.
• AFB1 compromises the gastrointestinal mucosa's immune barrier function.
• AFB1 negatively interacts with the bird's gut microbiota, affecting overall health.

Conclusions:

• AFB1 exposure significantly impairs broiler intestinal health, immune response, and antioxidant systems.
• The adverse effects of AFB1 on broilers result in substantial economic losses annually.
• This review enhances understanding of the critical role of the intestine in avian health and AFB1's negative consequences.