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Union Status and Disability Pension.

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Cohabitation is linked to a higher risk of disability pension for mental disorders compared to marriage. Never married individuals, particularly men, face the highest risk for disability pension.

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Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Marital status is associated with mortality, but research on cohabitation and health outcomes is mixed.
  • Self-reported health outcomes in previous studies limit understanding of cohabitation's impact.
  • Increasing cohabitation rates necessitate further investigation into its association with health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between union status (marriage, cohabitation, never married) and disability pensioning.
  • To investigate differences in disability pension risk for mental versus physical disorders across union statuses.
  • To control for unmeasured childhood characteristics using a within-family design.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Norwegian register data from 2005-2016, including union status and disability pensioning.
  • Employed Cox regression analysis to assess risk.
  • Implemented a within-family design to account for shared familial factors.

Main Results:

  • Cohabiting individuals show a higher risk of disability pension for mental disorders compared to married individuals.
  • Men who are cohabiting also have an increased risk of disability pension for physical disorders.
  • The never married group, especially men, exhibits the highest incidence of disability pensioning.
  • The association between union status and disability pension is more pronounced for mental disorders than physical disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Union status significantly influences disability pension risk, with cohabitation and never-married status posing higher risks than marriage.
  • Mental health disorders are more strongly associated with disability pension risk across different union statuses than physical disorders.
  • Findings highlight the importance of considering cohabitation and never-married status in public health and social policy regarding disability.