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Shared Evolutionary Path in Social Microbiomes.

Nelson Frazão1, Isabel Gordo1

  • 1Evolutionary Biology Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal.

Molecular Biology and Evolution
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Social networks drive gut bacteria evolution. Host-to-host transmission of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in mice significantly enhances shared evolutionary events, impacting microbiome dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbial Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Gut commensals rapidly evolve and adapt within healthy hosts.
  • Social networks influence gut microbiome composition in various species.
  • Host-to-host bacterial transmission is a key factor in microbial ecology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of host-to-host bacterial transmission on Escherichia coli (E. coli) evolution within the mammalian gut.
  • To investigate how social interactions influence microbial evolutionary dynamics.
  • To quantify the rate of mutation accumulation in E. coli under different social contexts.

Main Methods:

  • In vivo experimental evolution using mice.
  • Quantification of daily E. coli transmission rates between cohoused hosts.
  • Application of population genetics models to analyze evolutionary dynamics.
  • Estimation of mutation accumulation rates per genome per generation.

Main Results:

  • A daily transmission rate of 7% (±3% 2SE) for E. coli was observed between cohoused mice.
  • Shared evolutionary events within the gut microbiome were significantly enhanced in cohoused mice.
  • The mutation accumulation rate for E. coli was estimated at 3.0 × 10-3 (±0.8 × 10-3 2SE) mutations/genome/generation.
  • Mutation rate was independent of the social context (cohousing).

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial migration across hosts, influenced by social networks, plays a crucial role in shaping adaptive evolution.
  • Hosts with similar diets and habits exhibit similar microbiome species compositions and evolutionary trajectories.
  • Understanding host-to-host transmission is vital for comprehending gut microbiome evolution and strain adaptation.