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Cerebral Hemispheres

Cerebral Hemispheres

The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 24, 2025

Author Spotlight: Using Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface to Improve Motor and Cognitive Function in Stroke Patients

Author Spotlight: Using Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface to Improve Motor and Cognitive Function in Stroke Patients

Published on: September 1, 2023

Interhemispheric Structural Connectivity Underlies Motor Recovery after Stroke.

Theresa Paul^1,2, Valerie M Wiemer^1,2, Lukas Hensel¹

¹Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, and Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Annals of Neurology

|July 4, 2023

Summary

Cortico-cortical connections, not just the corticospinal tract (CST), aid motor control after stroke. Specific pathways support basal movements, offering new biomarkers for stroke recovery.

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Measuring and Manipulating Functionally Specific Neural Pathways in the Human Motor System with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Measuring and Manipulating Functionally Specific Neural Pathways in the Human Motor System with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: February 23, 2020

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Neurology
Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

The corticospinal tract (CST) is crucial for motor recovery post-stroke, but cortico-cortical connections' role remains unclear.
These connections may offer a structural reserve for motor network reorganization.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if cortico-cortical connections facilitate motor control, especially when the CST is damaged.
To differentiate the roles of structural connectivity in basal versus complex motor control.

Main Methods:

Used diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) to quantify structural connectivity in chronic stroke patients.
Employed a novel compartment-wise analysis for detailed connectivity assessment.
Assessed basal and complex motor control performance.

Main Results:

Both basal and complex motor performance correlated with specific cortico-cortical connections.
Complex motor skills depended on CST integrity.
Basal motor control strongly associated with M1-to-M1 connectivity, independent of CST integrity, particularly in recovered patients.

Conclusions:

Distinct cortico-cortical connections support different aspects of motor control after stroke.
Basal motor recovery may utilize alternative pathways involving the contralesional M1.
Cortico-cortical connectivity shows potential as a biomarker for motor recovery.