On the similarity between aortic and carotid pressure diastolic decay: a mathematical modelling study
Vasiliki Bikia1, Georgios Rovas2, Sokratis Anagnostopoulos2
1Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology, Institute of Bioengineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland. vasiliki.bikia@epfl.ch.
Insights
Aortic diastolic pressure decay (DPD) is vital for vascular health but difficult to measure. This study found that carotid DPD closely mirrors aortic DPD, suggesting carotid measurements can reliably assess vascular health.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Biomedical Engineering
- Medical Diagnostics
Background:
- Aortic diastolic pressure decay (DPD) is a key indicator of vascular health, reflecting arterial stiffness.
- Measuring aortic pressure waveforms is challenging, limiting the clinical utility of aortic DPD.
- Carotid blood pressure is frequently used as a surrogate for central aortic pressure in cardiovascular monitoring.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate whether the diastolic pressure decay (DPD) patterns of the aorta and carotid artery are comparable.
- To determine if carotid DPD can serve as a reliable proxy for aortic DPD in assessing vascular health.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a validated one-dimensional numerical model of the arterial tree to generate an in-silico healthy population.
- Compared the DPD time constant of the aorta (aortic RC) with that of the carotid artery (carotid RC) across simulated cardiovascular conditions.
- Analyzed waveform shape and diastolic decay time constants for both aortic and carotid pressure.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated near-absolute agreement between aortic RC and carotid RC values.
- Reported a correlation close to 1 (r ≈ 1) for aortic/carotid RC distributions (1.76 ± 0.94 s / 1.74 ± 0.87 s).
- Observed a strong correlation in DPD patterns and time constants between the aorta and carotid artery across diverse simulated conditions.
Conclusions:
- The study establishes a strong correlation between carotid DPD and aortic DPD, based on in-silico modeling.
- Findings suggest that carotid DPD measurements may effectively substitute for aortic DPD in vascular health assessments.
- Further in vivo validation in human subjects is necessary to confirm clinical applicability.
Abstract:
Aortic diastolic pressure decay (DPD) has been shown to have considerable pathophysiological relevance in the assessment of vascular health, as it is significantly affected by arterial stiffening. Nonetheless, the aortic pressure waveform is rarely available and hence the utility of the aortic DPD is limited. On the other hand, carotid blood pressure is often used as a surrogate of central (aortic) blood pressure in cardiovascular monitoring. Although the two waveforms are inherently different, it is unknown whether the aortic DPD shares a common pattern with the carotid DPD. In this study, we compared the DPD time constant of the aorta (aortic RC) and the DPD time constant of the carotid artery (carotid RC) using an in-silico-generated healthy population from a previously validated one-dimensional numerical model of the arterial tree. Our results demonstrated that there is near-absolute agreement between the aortic RC and the carotid RC. In particular, a correlation of ~ 1 was reported for a distribution of aortic/carotid RC values equal to 1.76 ± 0.94 s/1.74 ± 0.87 s. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to compare the DPD of the aortic and the carotid pressure waveform. The findings indicate a strong correlation between carotid DPD and aortic DPD, supported by the examination of curve shape and the diastolic decay time constant across a wide range of simulated cardiovascular conditions. Additional investigation is required to validate these results in human subjects and assess their applicability in vivo.
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