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Thermal Insulation in Masonry Walls

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In hot, dry climates, the thermal mass of masonry walls can be beneficial, absorbing heat during the day and releasing it at night, thereby stabilizing indoor temperatures. However, in most other climates, additional insulation is necessary to enhance thermal resistance.
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Composite masonry walls combine multiple wythes of the same or different masonry materials to create a unified structure. These walls feature wythes that are bonded together either through mortar-filled collar joints, grouted spaces, or more commonly, with rigid metal ties and reinforcements, with the use of masonry header units being rare. Metal ties are preferred because they effectively minimize water penetration, as these walls primarily absorb moisture and then release it into the...
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Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
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San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge is exposed to temperatures ranging from -15 °C to 40 °C. At its coldest, the main span of the bridge is 1275 m long. Assuming that the bridge is made entirely of steel, what is the change in its length between these temperatures?
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Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
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Microhoneycomb Monoliths Prepared by the Unidirectional Freeze-drying of Cellulose Nanofiber Based Sols: Method and Extensions
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Mycelium Composite with Hierarchical Porous Structure for Thermal Management.

Mingchang Zhang1, Jing Xue1, Runhua Zhang1

  • 1MOE Key Laboratory of Wooden Material Science and Application, College of Material Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|July 5, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a novel mycelium composite, a sustainable alternative to plastic foams. This hierarchical porous material offers excellent thermal and mechanical properties, advancing eco-friendly material development.

Keywords:
high porositymyceliumrecyclabilityrepairabilitythermal insulation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Sustainable Engineering

Background:

  • Petroleum-based foams present environmental challenges.
  • Existing sustainable materials often compromise thermal or mechanical properties.
  • There is a need for high-performance, low-carbon footprint porous materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a sustainable, high-performance porous material from mycelium.
  • To investigate the relationship between fungal morphology and composite properties.
  • To address the trade-off between thermal management and structural strength in eco-friendly foams.

Main Methods:

  • Cultivation of advanced mycelial networks on a sawdust substrate.
  • Characterization of the hierarchical porous structure (macro- and microscale pores).
  • Assessment of morphological, biological, and physicochemical properties.

Main Results:

  • Mycelium composite exhibits a porosity of 0.94.
  • Achieved a noise reduction coefficient of 0.55 (250-3000 Hz).
  • Demonstrated low thermal conductivity (0.042 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹) and high energy absorption (18 kJ m⁻³ at 50% strain).
  • Material is hydrophobic, repairable, and recyclable.

Conclusions:

  • The developed mycelium composite offers a viable, sustainable alternative to lightweight plastic foams.
  • Hierarchical porous structure contributes to excellent thermal and mechanical performance.
  • This material has the potential to significantly impact sustainable material development and carbon neutrality goals.