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Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
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Assessing cognitive changes in multiple sclerosis: criteria for a reliable decision.

Audrey Henry1,2, Nicolas Stefaniak1, Franca Schmid1

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Reliable change indices are crucial for tracking cognitive changes in multiple sclerosis (MS). Regression-based methods, particularly (G)SRB, are recommended for assessing cognitive decline in MS patients, offering a more sensitive approach than traditional indices.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropsychology
  • Neurology
  • Biostatistics

Background:

  • Assessing cognitive change in multiple sclerosis (MS) is vital for patient care due to unpredictable cognitive impairment.
  • Reliability of change indices is critical given significant interindividual variability in MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the performance of six different methods for assessing cognitive change in an MS population.
  • Evaluate the efficacy of SD method, reliable change indices (RCI), standardized regression-based (SRB) methods, and generalized regression-based (GSRB) method.

Main Methods:

  • 123 MS patients and 89 healthy controls completed neuropsychological tests.
  • Cognitive functions assessed included verbal episodic memory, working memory, processing speed, and verbal fluency.
  • Six distinct methods were employed to quantify cognitive change.

Main Results:

  • Control group showed similar change proportions across methods.
  • In MS patients, regression-based methods (SRB) detected worsening more frequently than RCI.
  • GSRB method aligned with RCI for tasks with ceiling effects.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive change interpretation in MS varies by assessment method.
  • Regression-based methods ((G)SRB) are valuable for assessing cognitive change in MS.
  • Demographic factors did not significantly impact worsening prediction in MS patients.