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Updated: Jul 24, 2025

Generation of Discriminative Human Monoclonal Antibodies from Rare Antigen-specific B Cells Circulating in Blood
Published on: February 6, 2018
Isolation of Antigen-Specific Unconventional Bovine Ultra-Long CDR3H Antibodies Using Cattle Immunization in
Paul Arras1, Jasmin Zimmermann1,2, Britta Lipinski1,2
1Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
Abstract:
Cattle are known for their repertoire of antibodies harboring extremely long CDR3H regions that form extensive "knob on stalk" cysteine-rich structures. The compact knob domain allows for the recognition of epitopes potentially not accessible to classical antibodies. To effectively access the potential of bovine-derived antigen-specific ultra-long CDR3 antibodies, a straightforward and effective high-throughput method based on yeast surface display and fluorescence-activated cell sorting is described.

