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Anesthesia for laryngotracheal reconstruction in children: A narrative review

Amy J Lee1, Jeremy D Prager2, Tessa N Mandler1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

Paediatric Anaesthesia
|July 6, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Laryngotracheal stenosis in children, often from neonatal intubation, causes airway obstruction. Management requires multidisciplinary teams, focusing on medical care and surgical collaboration for reconstruction.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Otolaryngology
  • Anesthesiology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Laryngotracheal stenosis is a significant cause of pediatric airway obstruction.
  • Acquired subglottic stenosis commonly arises from prolonged neonatal intubation.
  • Clinical signs vary, from stridor to acute airway compromise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology, evaluation, and management of laryngotracheal stenosis in children.
  • To emphasize perioperative anesthetic considerations for laryngotracheal reconstruction.

Main Methods:

  • This is a narrative review.
  • It synthesizes information on medical and surgical interventions.
  • Focus is placed on anesthetic management during surgery.

Main Results:

  • Optimal care necessitates a multidisciplinary approach.
  • Medical management addresses respiratory, feeding, and psychosocial aspects.
  • Successful surgical outcomes depend on close collaboration between surgical and anesthetic teams.

Conclusions:

  • Laryngotracheal stenosis requires comprehensive, team-based care.
  • Anesthetic management is critical for successful laryngotracheal reconstruction.
  • Early recognition and coordinated intervention improve patient outcomes.

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