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Zinc-Sponge Battery Electrodes that Suppress Dendrites
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Highly Reversible Zn Metal Anodes Enabled by Increased Nucleation Overpotential.

Zhengqiang Hu1, Fengling Zhang1, Anbin Zhou1

  • 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.

Nano-Micro Letters
|July 6, 2023
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Summary

Researchers boosted zinc deposition uniformity in batteries by increasing nucleation overpotential using sodium L-tartrate. This method enhances zinc ion battery stability and performance by preventing dendrite formation.

Keywords:
Complexing agentNucleation overpotentialZn batteriesZn deposition

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Dendrite formation is a major obstacle for zinc ion battery development.
  • Uniform metal ion deposition is critical for battery performance and longevity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate increasing thermodynamic nucleation overpotential for uniform zinc deposition.
  • To explore the use of complexing agents, specifically sodium L-tartrate (Na-L), to achieve this.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical calculations and experimental characterization of zinc deposition.
  • Utilizing sodium L-tartrate as a complexing agent in the electrolyte.
  • Electrochemical testing of zinc-zinc cells and Zn-LiMn2O4 full cells.

Main Results:

  • L-tartrate anions modify the solvation sheath of Zn2+, increasing de-solvation energy.
  • Na+ ions preferentially adsorb on the anode surface, inhibiting Zn2+ aggregation.
  • Nucleation overpotential increased from 32.2 mV to 45.1 mV with Na-L.
  • Achieved 80% zinc utilization at 20 mAh cm-2 in Zn-Zn cells.
  • Improved stability in Zn-LiMn2O4 full cells using Na-L additive.

Conclusions:

  • Boosting nucleation overpotential via complexing agents is an effective strategy for homogeneous zinc deposition.
  • Sodium L-tartrate enhances zinc anode performance and battery stability.
  • This approach offers insights for regulating metal deposition in next-generation batteries.