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Updated: Jul 24, 2025

Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations
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Knee flexor muscle fatigue during repeated Nordic hamstring exercise.

Yosuke Hiroshige1, Ryusei Yamaguchi2, Kai Iriguchi3

  • 1Institute of Sports Science and Medicine, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan - yosuke.hiroshige@gmail.com.

The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness
|July 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Nordic hamstring exercise enhances knee flexor muscle force, particularly in slight flexion, after just a few repetitions. This finding helps explain its effectiveness in preventing hamstring strain injuries.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • The Nordic hamstring exercise is a recognized method for preventing hamstring strain injuries.
  • Understanding the neuromuscular response to repeated Nordic hamstring exercise is crucial for injury prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the changes in knee flexor muscle force and fatigue during repeated Nordic hamstring exercises.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which the Nordic hamstring exercise contributes to hamstring strain injury prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Fifty-three athletes performed 10 repetitions of the Nordic hamstring exercise.
  • Knee flexor peak tensile force and flexion angle were measured across four phases of repetitions (1st, 2-4th, 5-7th, 8-10th).
  • Peak force was analyzed in deep and slight knee flexion zones.

Main Results:

  • Peak knee flexor force was highest during the 2-4th repetitions (phase 2) and declined thereafter.
  • The knee angle at peak force was greatest in the first repetition and decreased with subsequent repetitions.
  • Increased muscle force in the slight flexion zone was more pronounced than in the deep flexion zone during phases 2 and 3.

Conclusions:

  • Repeated Nordic hamstring exercise leads to rapid enhancement of knee flexor force, especially in the slight flexion range.
  • These findings provide insight into the neuromuscular adaptations that underpin the injury-preventive effects of the Nordic hamstring exercise.