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Related Experiment Videos

Aqueous vs viscous phenylephrine. I. Systemic absorption and cardiovascular effects.

V Kumar, R D Schoenwald, W A Barcellos

    Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
    |August 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Systemic absorption and cardiovascular effects of phenylephrine hydrochloride eye drops were studied. No significant differences were found between aqueous and viscous solutions, but monitoring is crucial within 30 minutes post-instillation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Pharmacology
    • Cardiovascular Medicine

    Background:

    • Phenylephrine hydrochloride is commonly used in ophthalmic procedures.
    • The formulation (aqueous vs. viscous) may influence systemic absorption and cardiovascular effects.
    • Understanding these effects is crucial for patient safety during surgery.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the systemic absorption and cardiovascular effects of 2.5% aqueous versus 2.5% viscous phenylephrine hydrochloride ophthalmic solutions.
    • To determine the time course of phenylephrine hydrochloride plasma levels after topical ocular administration.
    • To assess the implications for patient monitoring during ophthalmic surgery.

    Main Methods:

    • A comparative study involving 30 patients undergoing vitreoretinal surgery.

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  • Administration of either 2.5% aqueous or 2.5% viscous phenylephrine hydrochloride eye drops.
  • Monitoring of plasma phenylephrine hydrochloride levels and cardiovascular parameters (blood pressure).
  • Patients were maintained in a supine position under general anesthesia to control for variables like blinking and lacrimal drainage.

    • Main Results:

    • No statistically significant differences in plasma phenylephrine hydrochloride levels or blood pressure changes were observed between the aqueous and viscous formulations.
    • A trend towards higher mean plasma levels and blood pressures was noted with the aqueous solution.
    • Peak plasma levels for both formulations were achieved within 20 minutes of administration.
    • The controlled conditions (supine, anesthesia) minimized factors that could increase nasal mucosal absorption.

    Conclusions:

    • Both 2.5% aqueous and viscous phenylephrine hydrochloride ophthalmic solutions exhibit similar systemic absorption and cardiovascular effects under controlled surgical conditions.
    • The rapid achievement of peak plasma levels highlights the importance of vigilant cardiovascular monitoring within the first 20-30 minutes post-instillation, particularly for high-risk patients.
    • Results may differ in awake, upright patients due to factors like blinking and gravity influencing nasolacrimal drainage and absorption.