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Updated: Jul 24, 2025

Assessment of Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors by an Interrogation of Signal Transduction Pathways by Antibody Arrays
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Assessment of Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors by an Interrogation of Signal Transduction Pathways by Antibody Arrays

Published on: September 19, 2018

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Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Immunotherapy Updates in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

Osama Mosalem1, Mohamad Bassam Sonbol2, Thorvardur R Halfdanarson3

  • 1Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Jacksonville, FL, USA.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
|July 6, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Emerging treatments for advanced neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) include tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immunotherapy, expanding options beyond somatostatin analogs (SSAs). These novel therapies offer new hope for managing metastatic NETs.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Medical Science

Background:

  • Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a diverse group of cancers originating from neuroendocrine cells.
  • Treatment for advanced or metastatic NETs depends on tumor origin and grade.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emerging systemic treatments for advanced/metastatic NETs.
  • Focus on tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current and emerging therapies for NETs.
  • Analysis of treatment strategies beyond established somatostatin analogs (SSAs).

Main Results:

  • Somatostatin analogs (SSAs) remain a primary treatment for tumor control and hormonal syndromes.
  • Expanded treatment options include everolimus, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT).

Conclusions:

  • The choice of therapy for advanced NETs is influenced by tumor origin.
  • Emerging systemic treatments, particularly TKIs and immunotherapy, represent significant advancements in NET management.
Keywords:
Neuroendocrine tumorsantineoplastic agents / therapeutic useimmunotherapyneuroendocrine tumors / drug therapypancreatic neoplasms

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