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Malaria

Malaria

Malaria pathogenesis in humans reflects a delicate interplay between parasite biology and host response. Clinical illness reflects a host’s immune response to the parasite’s asexual replication cycle, which is often asymptomatic in individuals with partial immunity. From the parasite's perspective, transmission between mosquito and human with minimal host pathology is evolutionarily advantageous. Among the six Plasmodium species infecting humans, P. falciparum and P. vivax dominate in global...

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Updated: Jun 9, 2026

A Multi-detection Assay for Malaria Transmitting Mosquitoes

A Multi-detection Assay for Malaria Transmitting Mosquitoes

Published on: February 28, 2015

Detecting temporal and spatial malaria patterns from first antenatal care visits.

Arnau Pujol¹, Nanna Brokhattingen¹, Glória Matambisso²

¹ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Nature Communications

|July 6, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Antenatal care (ANC) visits in pregnant women can effectively track malaria trends in communities. This surveillance method provides timely data on malaria

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Area of Science:

Malariology
Public Health
Epidemiology

Background:

Pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) are a key demographic for malaria surveillance in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Understanding malaria transmission dynamics is crucial for effective control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the spatio-temporal relationship between malaria trends in pregnant women at ANC visits and in the general community.
To evaluate the utility of ANC-based surveillance for monitoring malaria burden.

Main Methods:

Compared malaria parasite rates (P. falciparum) detected by quantitative PCR in pregnant women (ANC) with those in children in the community and at health facilities.
Analyzed spatio-temporal correlations and time lags between different surveillance data sources (2016-2019).
Utilized a novel hotspot detection algorithm (EpiFRIenDs) on health facility data and compared findings with ANC data.

Main Results:

ANC P. falciparum rates strongly correlated with rates in children (PCC > 0.8), with a 2-3 month lag.
Seroprevalence against VAR2CSA reflected declining malaria trends (PCC = 0.74).
60% of malaria hotspots identified in health facilities were also detected using ANC data.

Conclusions:

Malaria surveillance using pregnant women at ANC visits provides contemporary insights into temporal trends.
ANC data effectively captures the geographic distribution of malaria burden within the community.
ANC-based surveillance is a valuable tool for malaria monitoring in high-transmission settings.