Hydatid cyst involving the mandible ramus

Area of Science:

• Parasitology
• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Radiology

Background:

• Parasitic infections are uncommon in the oral and maxillofacial regions, presenting diagnostic challenges.
• Hydatid cysts, caused by *Echinococcus granulosus*, rarely involve bone (3% of cases).
• Maxillofacial hydatid cysts are exceptionally rare, with only seven documented mandibular cases in scientific literature.

Observation:

• A 16-year-old female presented with facial asymmetry.
• Radiographic examination revealed a well-defined radiolucency in the mandibular ramus.
• The clinical presentation mimicked other more common pathologies, complicating diagnosis.

Findings:

• The case confirmed intraosseous echinococcosis of the mandible.
• This highlights the diagnostic difficulties associated with non-specific presentations of rare parasitic infections.
• The rarity of mandibular involvement underscores the need for comprehensive differential diagnoses.

Implications:

• Increased awareness of oral and maxillofacial echinococcosis is necessary for timely diagnosis.
• Systemic investigation is vital, as 20-30% of cases involve multiple organs.
• This case contributes to the limited literature, aiding future diagnostic strategies for maxillofacial parasitic diseases.