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A review on cardiac manifestation of parasitic infection

Animesh Mishra1, Tony Ete1, Vanlalmalsawmdawngliana Fanai1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya.

Tropical Parasitology
|July 7, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Parasitic infections, though rare, can cause serious human heart disease. Protozoa and helminths can lead to cardiac complications like myocarditis and pulmonary hypertension.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Parasitic infections are infrequent causes of cardiac disease, with limited data on human heart involvement.
  • Protozoan and helminthic parasites are known to cause significant cardiac complications.
  • The heart and lungs are frequently affected by parasites, directly or indirectly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of parasitic infections on human cardiac health.
  • To highlight the range of cardiac complications caused by parasites.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering parasitic etiologies in cardiac disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on parasitic infections affecting the human heart.
  • Analysis of documented cases and clinical manifestations.
  • Synthesis of information on parasite-induced cardiac pathology.

Main Results:

  • Parasites can affect all heart layers and pulmonary vasculature.
  • Clinical manifestations include myocarditis, pericarditis, cardiomyopathy, endomyocardial fibrosis, and pulmonary hypertension.
  • Parasitic heart disease is more prevalent in endemic regions.

Conclusions:

  • Parasitic infections represent an important, albeit uncommon, cause of cardiac disease.
  • A broad spectrum of cardiac conditions can result from parasitic invasion.
  • Further research and clinical awareness are needed for accurate diagnosis and management.

Keywords:
Arrhythmiascardiomyopathyheart failureparasitethromboembolism

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