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Predictive Factors for Lower Limb Amputation in Type 2 Diabetics.
Sawsen Nouira1, Taïeb Ach1, Foued Bellazreg2
1Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Farhat Hached, Sousse, TUN.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with long-standing diabetes (over 20 years), hypertension, and severe diabetic foot complications (grade ≥4) face a higher risk of lower limb amputation (LLA). Early intervention is crucial.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Diabetology
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant global health concern.
- Diabetic foot complications frequently lead to lower limb amputations (LLA).
- Identifying at-risk populations is crucial for preventing LLA.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine predictive factors for LLA in patients with T2DM and diabetic foot complications.
- To identify key indicators for early risk stratification.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 134 hospitalized T2DM patients with diabetic foot issues.
- Inclusion criteria: T2DM diagnosed ≥10 years prior, presence of diabetic foot problem.
- Statistical analysis included t-tests, chi-square tests, and logistic regression.
Main Results:
- Independent predictors for LLA identified: T2DM duration >20 years, hypertension, and diabetic foot grade ≥4 (Wagner classification).
- Elevated LDL cholesterol and abnormal micro-albuminuria were also prevalent in amputee patients.
- Age over 50 and diabetes duration over 20 years were significantly associated with LLA.
Conclusions:
- Longer T2DM duration (>20 years), hypertension, and severe diabetic foot disease (grade ≥4) are significant independent predictors of LLA.
- Prompt and effective management of diabetic foot problems is essential to prevent amputations.
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