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FAMILIAL NON-MEDULLARY THYROID CARCINOMA.

B B Guda1, I I Komisarenko1, M V Ostafiichuk1

  • 1State Institution "V.P. Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine", Kyiv 04114, Ukraine.

Experimental Oncology
|July 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) shows more aggressive tumor characteristics than sporadic forms. This is particularly evident in younger patients and those with a family history, indicating a need for further research into FNMTC genetics and clinical behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Familial non-medullary thyroid carcinoma (FNMTC) affects multiple first-degree relatives without predisposing factors like radiation.
  • Non-syndromic FNMTC accounts for 95% of cases, with an unknown genetic basis and unclear clinical behavior.
  • Understanding FNMTC is crucial due to its potential for aggressive presentation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical manifestations of FNMTC.
  • To compare FNMTC cases with sporadic papillary thyroid carcinomas in similar age groups.
  • To identify differences in tumor characteristics and prognosis between familial and sporadic thyroid cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Examined 22 non-syndromic FNMTC patients (parents and children groups).
  • Compared FNMTC patients with age-matched sporadic papillary thyroid carcinoma groups (adult and young).
  • Analyzed tumor size, TNM staging, invasiveness, multifocality, lymph node metastasis, treatment, and MACIS score.

Main Results:

  • Younger patients, both familial and sporadic, exhibited larger tumors with higher metastatic and invasive potential.
  • FNMTC patients showed a higher frequency of multifocal tumors compared to sporadic cases.
  • FNMTC children presented with more advanced tumors (higher T2 stage, N1a-N1ab metastasis, multifocality, capsular invasion) than FNMTC parents and young sporadic cases.

Conclusions:

  • Familial non-medullary thyroid carcinomas are generally more aggressive than sporadic forms.
  • The aggressive nature of FNMTC is particularly pronounced in individuals with a direct parental diagnosis.
  • Findings highlight the distinct clinical behavior of FNMTC, especially in younger patients with familial links.