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Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

326
The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
326
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

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Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
402
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

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The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
637
Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

518
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
518
Carrier-Mediated Transport01:06

Carrier-Mediated Transport

471
Carrier-mediated transport is a pivotal process in drug absorption, particularly for lipid-insoluble drugs, and encompasses facilitated diffusion and active transport. Facilitated diffusion allows drugs to move along their concentration gradient without energy expenditure, while active transport utilizes ATP to drive drug movement against this gradient.
Active transport involves two types of membrane-spanning transporters: uptake and efflux. Uptake transporters are expressed in the small...
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Related Experiment Video

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Targeted Plasma Membrane Delivery of a Hydrophobic Cargo Encapsulated in a Liquid Crystal Nanoparticle Carrier
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An intercommunicated nanosystem for dual delivery.

Beatriz Mayol1, Ana Rodríguez1, Anabel Villalonga1

  • 1Nanosensors and Nanomachines Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. rvillalonga@quim.ucm.es.

Journal of Materials Chemistry. B
|July 7, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel dual-delivery nanosystem. It releases an analgesic drug and dye using light and chemical triggers for advanced nanomaterial applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Development of sophisticated drug delivery systems is crucial for targeted therapies.
  • Stimuli-responsive nanomaterials offer precise control over cargo release.
  • Designing multi-component nanosystems for sequential and dual delivery presents unique challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and characterize a novel particle-to-particle intercommunicated nanosystem for dual drug delivery.
  • To achieve triggered release of an analgesic drug and a model dye using distinct physical and chemical stimuli.
  • To demonstrate the potential of enzyme-mediated communication between nanoparticles for controlled release.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a Janus nanoparticle (Au-mesoporous silica) with light-sensitive gates and acetylcholinesterase.
  • Preparation of a second mesoporous silica nanoparticle with thiol-sensitive gates loaded with rhodamine B.
  • Sequential triggering of drug and dye release using near-UV light and N-acetylthiocholine.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of the dual-component nanosystem with distinct functionalities.
  • Light irradiation triggered the release of paracetamol from the Janus nanoparticle.
  • Enzymatic conversion of N-acetylthiocholine by acetylcholinesterase on the Janus nanoparticle initiated the release of rhodamine B from the second nanoparticle.

Conclusions:

  • The developed nanosystem enables controlled, sequential dual delivery triggered by orthogonal stimuli.
  • This particle-to-particle intercommunication strategy offers a versatile platform for advanced nanomaterial applications.
  • The system demonstrates efficient release of an analgesic drug and a model dye, paving the way for complex therapeutic strategies.