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Cancer Therapies

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

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Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...

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Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

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The Radiotherapy: Basic Concepts And Recent Techniques Advances For Thoracic Malignancies.

Marina Amorim¹, Paulo Serafim Costa², Maria Adelina Costa²

¹Radiation Therapy Department - Hospital de Braga, Portugal.

Portuguese Journal of Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Surgery

|July 7, 2023

Summary

Radiation therapy (RT) advances cancer treatment by precisely targeting tumors. Modern techniques like SBRT improve efficacy and reduce side effects for thoracic malignancies.

Keywords:

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Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

Area of Science:

Oncology
Radiation Oncology
Medical Physics

Background:

Radiation therapy (RT) is a cornerstone in treating malignant and benign diseases.
Effective RT relies on tumor histology, location, extent, and precise dose delivery.
Radiotherapy is fundamental in managing all types and stages of thoracic malignancies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review basic concepts of radiation therapy for thoracic malignancies.
To highlight recent technical advancements in radiation therapy for thoracic cancers.
To discuss the impact of new techniques on efficacy and toxicity.

Main Methods:

Review of established and advanced radiation therapy techniques.
Focus on intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT).
Inclusion of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and motion management strategies.

Main Results:

Technical advancements have significantly improved the role of RT in lung cancer management.
High-precision techniques (IMRT, VMAT, SBRT) enhance treatment efficacy.
Improved tumor motion management and on-board imaging reduce treatment-related toxicity.

Conclusions:

Advanced RT techniques have redefined the management of thoracic malignancies.
These innovations increase treatment effectiveness while minimizing side effects.
Continued development in RT offers improved outcomes for thoracic cancer patients.