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In Vitro Model of Physiological and Pathological Blood Flow with Application to Investigations of Vascular Cell Remodeling

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Jacketed elastomeric tubes for passive self-regulation of pulsatile flow.

Nathan Jen¹, Jake Hadfield², Guilherme M Bessa²

¹Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

|July 7, 2023

Summary

Researchers developed fabric-jacketed elastomeric tubes inspired by the human aorta to regulate pulsatile flow. This bio-inspired design offers passive self-regulation for microfluidic devices and medical applications like ex-vivo heart perfusion.

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Area of Science:

Biomimetics and Bio-inspired Engineering
Fluid Dynamics and Microfluidics
Materials Science and Engineering

Background:

Pulsatile flow regulation is critical for microfluidic devices and biological systems.
The human aorta's layered structure inspires bio-inspired engineering solutions for flow control.
Existing methods for pulsatile flow regulation can be complex and lack adaptability.

Purpose of the Study:

To engineer fabric-jacketed elastomeric tubes for passive self-regulation of pulsatile flow.
To investigate the dynamic stiffening behavior of these bio-inspired tubes.
To evaluate the efficacy of the tubes in a mock-circulatory flow loop simulating ex-vivo heart perfusion.

Main Methods:

Fabric-jacketed elastomeric tubes were fabricated using silicone rubber and knitted textiles.
Tubes were integrated into a mock-circulatory flow loop replicating ex-vivo heart perfusion conditions.
Pressure waveforms were measured to assess flow regulation, and dynamic stiffening was quantitatively analyzed.

Main Results:

The fabric-jacketed elastomeric tubes demonstrated effective pulsatile flow regulation, as evidenced by pressure waveform analysis.
Quantitative analysis revealed the 'dynamic stiffening' behavior of the tubes under deformation.
The design enhanced tube durability, allowing for greater pressure and distension without aneurysm formation.

Conclusions:

Fabric-jacketed elastomeric tubes provide a tunable and effective solution for passive self-regulation of pulsatile flow.
This bio-inspired approach offers a robust and adaptable platform for microfluidic and biomedical applications.
The design shows promise for tubing systems requiring controlled pulsatile flow, enhancing safety and performance in devices like ex-vivo heart perfusion systems.