Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule01:10

Interpreting ¹H NMR Signal Splitting: The (n + 1) Rule

1.4K
In the AX proton spin system, proton A can sense the two spin states of a coupled proton X, resulting in a doublet NMR signal with two peaks of equal (1:1) intensity. When proton A is coupled to two equivalent protons (AX2 spin system), the spin states of each X can be aligned with or against the external field, creating three possible scenarios. This results in a 1:2:1  triplet signal, where the central peak corresponds to the chemical shift of A and is twice as large or intense as the...
1.4K
The Pauli Exclusion Principle03:06

The Pauli Exclusion Principle

40.0K
The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:
40.0K
Quantum Numbers02:43

Quantum Numbers

34.9K
It is said that the energy of an electron in an atom is quantized; that is, it can be equal only to certain specific values and can jump from one energy level to another but not transition smoothly or stay between these levels.
34.9K
The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

42.5K
Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
42.5K
2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)01:19

2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)

772
Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...
772
¹H NMR: Complex Splitting01:13

¹H NMR: Complex Splitting

1.3K
A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
Splitting diagrams or splitting tree diagrams are routinely used to depict such complex couplings. While drawing splitting diagrams, the splitting with the larger coupling constant is usually applied...
1.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Improved molecular diagnosis of the common recurrent intragenic deletion mutation in IKBKG in a Filipino family with incontinentia pigmenti.

The Australasian journal of dermatology·2015
Same author

Soil water capture trends over 50 years of single-cross maize (Zea mays L.) breeding in the US corn-belt.

Journal of experimental botany·2015
Same author

Occurrence, activity and contribution of anammox in some freshwater extreme environments.

Environmental microbiology reports·2015
Same author

Mechanical and Electrical Anisotropy of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus.

ACS nano·2015
Same author

Crystal Violet Lactone Salicylaldehyde Hydrazone Zn(II) Complex: a Reversible Photochromic Material both in Solution and in Solid Matrix.

Scientific reports·2015
Same author

[Removal Kinetics and Mechanism of Aniline by Manganese-oxide-modified Diatomite].

Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue·2015

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 24, 2025

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
09:23

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

14.6K

Multi-Party Quantum Secret Sharing Based on GHZ State.

Zhihui Li1, Xue Jiang1, Lu Liu1

  • 1School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 8, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an efficient quantum secret sharing scheme using GHZ states for secure group communication. The protocol enhances security by minimizing information exchange and enabling eavesdropping detection.

Keywords:
GHZ stateinformation efficiencylocal measurementquantum secret sharing

More Related Videos

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
00:07

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

8.5K
Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

9.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 24, 2025

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
09:23

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

14.6K
A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
00:07

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

8.5K
Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

9.7K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Cryptography
  • Quantum Communication

Background:

  • Traditional secret sharing schemes face challenges in secure communication channels.
  • Quantum secret sharing offers enhanced security through quantum mechanics principles.
  • Existing protocols may require extensive communication or are vulnerable to specific attacks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose an efficient and secure multi-party quantum secret sharing scheme.
  • To leverage Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entangled states for group secret sharing.
  • To enhance security by reducing inter-group communication and enabling eavesdropping detection.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing GHZ entangled states where participants are divided into two groups.
  • Each participant holds particles from GHZ states, enabling correlation checks after measurement.
  • Encoding measured particles within groups allows for secret reconstruction.
  • Security analysis against intercept-and-resend and entanglement measurement attacks.

Main Results:

  • The proposed scheme effectively shares secrets among groups without direct measurement information exchange.
  • Eavesdropping can be detected by observing correlations in measured particles.
  • The probability of detecting an external attacker is proportional to the information gained.
  • The protocol demonstrates resilience against common quantum attacks.

Conclusions:

  • The developed multi-party quantum secret sharing scheme is more secure and practical than existing methods.
  • It requires fewer quantum resources, making it efficient for implementation.
  • The scheme offers a robust solution for secure group communication in quantum networks.