Recent Progress in Micro- and Nanotechnology-Enabled Sensors for Biomedical and Environmental Challenges

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Environmental Science
• Materials Science

Background:

• Micro- and nanotechnology have revolutionized sensor capabilities for detecting diverse analytes.
• Sensors are vital in biomedicine (disease diagnosis, drug discovery) and environmental monitoring (air, water, soil quality, food safety).
• Despite advancements, significant challenges remain in sensor performance and application.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent developments in micro- and nanotechnology-enabled sensors for biomedical and environmental challenges.
• To highlight advancements in enhancing basic sensing techniques using micro/nanotechnology.
• To explore sensor applications in addressing current biomedical and environmental issues.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent literature on micro- and nanotechnology-enabled sensors.
• Analysis of sensor enhancements through micro/nanotechnology integration.
• Examination of sensor applications in biomedical and environmental fields.

Main Results:

• Micro/nanotechnology significantly enhances sensor sensitivity and selectivity for various analytes.
• These sensors are crucial for point-of-care diagnostics, drug discovery, and real-time environmental monitoring.
• Progress has been made in applying these sensors to address critical health and environmental concerns.

Conclusions:

• Further research is essential to expand sensor detection capabilities and improve performance metrics.
• Integration of wireless communication and energy harvesting is crucial for advanced sensor systems.
• Optimization of sample preparation, materials, and automation is needed for sensor design and fabrication.