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Body composition, gastrointestinal, and reproductive differences between broiler breeders fed using everyday or

L P Avila1, K M Sweeney1, C R Evans1

  • 1Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.

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|July 9, 2023
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Summary

Everyday (ED) feeding improved broiler breeder pullet growth, bone density, and intestinal health compared to skip-a-day (SAD) regimens. ED feeding also enhanced eggshell quality and hatchability, suggesting it is superior for modern breeders.

Keywords:
broiler breederfeeding regimengastrointestinal tractpulletreproduction

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Area of Science:

  • Poultry Science
  • Animal Nutrition
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • Broiler breeder feed restriction is crucial for managing growth and improving feed efficiency.
  • Skip-a-day (SAD) feeding regimens have been used for breeder growth control but their efficacy for modern breeders is debated.
  • Understanding the impact of different feeding strategies on pullet development and subsequent reproductive performance is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of everyday (ED) and skip-a-day (SAD) feeding programs on broiler breeder pullet growth, body composition, gastrointestinal development, and reproductive performance.
  • To evaluate the impact of these feeding regimens on bone density and intestinal morphology.
  • To determine the influence of feeding strategies on egg quality and hatchability.

Main Methods:

  • Ross 708 pullet chicks were assigned to either ED or SAD feeding programs until 21 weeks of age.
  • Diets were isonutritious, with ED diets containing higher crude fiber.
  • Body weight, body composition (using DEXA), bone density, and intestinal morphology (goblet cells) were assessed.
  • Reproductive performance and hatchery metrics were recorded up to 60 weeks of age.

Main Results:

  • ED birds were heavier with similar nutrient intake from weeks 10 to 45.
  • SAD pullets exhibited lower body fat and bone density at various time points.
  • SAD pullets had reduced intestinal villi goblet cells at 4 weeks of age.
  • Eggs from ED hens showed a trend towards higher specific gravity and hatch of fertile percentage.

Conclusions:

  • Everyday feeding enhanced pullet intestinal goblet cells, bone density, and body fat at 19 weeks.
  • The ED program resulted in improved feed conversion (2.6% less feed).
  • ED feeding positively influenced eggshell quality and hatch of fertile percentage, indicating its advantage for modern broiler breeders.