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First report of a carbapenemase OXA-48-producing Hafnia alvei clinical isolate

Laura Sevillano1, Cristhian Herrera1, Álvaro Valdes2

  • 1Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.

Access Microbiology
|July 10, 2023
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

This study reports the first case of OXA-48-producing *Hafnia alvei*, a carbapenem-resistant organism. This finding highlights the potential for carbapenem resistance to spread among bacteria, posing a significant public health threat.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Carbapenems are crucial for treating infections caused by cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales.
  • The rise of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) presents a major global public health challenge.
  • Hafnia alvei, an opportunistic pathogen, causes various infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.

Observation:

  • A 65-year-old male with acute lithiasic cholecystitis was infected with Hafnia alvei.
  • The isolated Hafnia alvei strain produced OXA-48 carbapenemase, identified via MALDI-TOF MS.
  • Carbapenemase production was confirmed through immunochromatography and sequencing.

Findings:

  • This is the first documented instance of an OXA-48-producing Hafnia alvei strain.
  • The resistance mechanism is attributed to OXA-48 carbapenemase production.
  • Horizontal gene transfer is the suspected route of carbapenemase acquisition, likely from Enterobacter cloacae.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the evolving threat of carbapenem resistance in clinically significant bacteria.
  • The spread of carbapenemase genes like OXA-48 necessitates enhanced surveillance and infection control measures.
  • Understanding resistance mechanisms in emerging pathogens like H. alvei is vital for effective treatment strategies.
Keywords:
Hafnia alveiOXA-48carbapenemcarbapenemase

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