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Related Concept Videos

Common Respiratory Disorders01:31

Common Respiratory Disorders

698
Respiratory disorders, a prevalent health concern globally, are generally divided into two primary categories: upper and lower respiratory tract disorders. The categorization is based on the area of the respiratory system they affect.
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...
698
Chronic Pharyngitis01:23

Chronic Pharyngitis

2.9K
Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
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Upper Respiratory Drugs: Decongestants01:27

Upper Respiratory Drugs: Decongestants

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Decongestants are a class of medications used primarily to alleviate nasal congestion, a common symptom resulting from allergies, colds, sinusitis, and other upper respiratory tract infections. These drugs work by activating α-adrenergic receptors, constricting small blood vessels in the nasal membranes. This action results in the opening of clogged nasal passages, thereby facilitating sinus drainage and relieving congestion.
Most decongestants are readily available over-the-counter in...
269
Acute Pharyngitis01:30

Acute Pharyngitis

922
Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
922
Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

292
Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
292
Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

705
The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
705

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 24, 2025

Infection of Primary Nasal Epithelial Cells Grown at an Air-Liquid Interface to Characterize Human Coronavirus-Host Interactions
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Common cold.

Ronald Eccles1

  • 1Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Allergy
|July 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The common cold, caused by numerous respiratory viruses, is a complex human illness. Understanding factors influencing its incidence and the innate immune response is key to managing symptoms and developing vaccines.

Keywords:
chillingcommon coldcrowdingrespiratory virusesvitamin Cvitamin D

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The common cold is a ubiquitous human illness caused by a wide array of respiratory viruses.
  • It exemplifies the
  • iceberg concept
  • of disease, ranging from asymptomatic cases to severe outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the respiratory viruses responsible for the common cold.
  • To explore factors influencing cold incidence.
  • To explain the innate immune response mechanisms and discuss symptomatic treatments and morbidity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of respiratory viruses and common cold pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of factors affecting cold incidence.
  • Explanation of innate immune responses and symptomatic treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • Identified numerous respiratory viruses causing the common cold.
  • Detailed various factors influencing cold incidence, including crowding, stress, immune status, and lifestyle.
  • Explained the innate immune response and tabulated symptomatic treatments.

Conclusions:

  • The common cold is a complex disease with diverse viral etiologies.
  • Multiple factors influence its prevalence and severity.
  • Further research into vaccines and understanding immune responses is warranted.