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Related Concept Videos

Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...
Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2026

Assessing Cardiomyocyte Subtypes Following Transcription Factor-mediated Reprogramming of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts
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Assessing Cardiomyocyte Subtypes Following Transcription Factor-mediated Reprogramming of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts

Published on: March 22, 2017

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Assessment of the Cardiac Noncoding Transcriptome by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Identifies FIXER, a Conserved

Parisa Aghagolzadeh1, Isabelle Plaisance1, Riccardo Bernasconi1

  • 1Experimental Cardiology Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Lausanne Medical School, Switzerland (P.A., I.P., R.B., M.N., T.P.).

Circulation
|July 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified a novel long noncoding RNA, FIXER, that drives cardiac fibrosis. Silencing FIXER limits fibrosis and improves heart function after infarction, offering a new therapeutic target for heart disease.

Keywords:
RNA, long noncodingfibrosisheartsingle-cell analysistherapeutics

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Suppression of Pro-fibrotic Signaling Potentiates Factor-mediated Reprogramming of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts into Induced Cardiomyocytes
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Assessing Cardiac Reprogramming using High Content Imaging Analysis
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Assessing Cardiac Reprogramming using High Content Imaging Analysis

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 13, 2026

Assessing Cardiomyocyte Subtypes Following Transcription Factor-mediated Reprogramming of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts
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Assessing Cardiomyocyte Subtypes Following Transcription Factor-mediated Reprogramming of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts

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Suppression of Pro-fibrotic Signaling Potentiates Factor-mediated Reprogramming of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts into Induced Cardiomyocytes
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Assessing Cardiac Reprogramming using High Content Imaging Analysis
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Assessing Cardiac Reprogramming using High Content Imaging Analysis

Published on: October 26, 2020

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Molecular Cardiology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Cardiac fibroblasts differentiate into myofibroblasts in damaged heart tissue, causing fibrosis and dysfunction.
  • Myofibroblasts are therapeutic targets, but lack of specific markers hinders treatment development.
  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are cell-specific and crucial for cardiovascular functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the potential of lncRNA transcriptome in single-cell RNA sequencing for identifying cardiac cell subpopulations.
  • To discover novel, subpopulation-specific markers for therapeutic targeting in heart disease.

Main Methods:

  • Deep single-cell RNA sequencing of cardiac nonmyocyte cells post-infarction.
  • Profiling of lncRNA transcriptome to identify heterogeneity in fibroblast and myofibroblast populations.
  • Selection and functional validation of a candidate lncRNA, FIXER.

Main Results:

  • Cardiac cell identity can be defined by lncRNA expression alone in single-cell studies.
  • Identified lncRNAs specifically enriched in myofibroblast subpopulations.
  • Silencing of the lncRNA FIXER (fibrogenic LOX-locus enhancer RNA) reduced cardiac fibrosis and improved heart function post-infarction.
  • FIXER interacts with CBX4 to regulate RUNX1 expression, controlling a fibrogenic gene program.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNA expression is sufficient to delineate cell types in the mammalian heart.
  • Identified unique lncRNAs in myofibroblasts, with FIXER as a promising therapeutic target for cardiac fibrosis.
  • FIXER is conserved in humans, indicating its translational potential for treating heart disease.