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Gender equality challenges in orthopaedic surgery: a systematic review.
Evmorfia Pechlivanidou1,2, Ioannis Antonopoulos3, Rodanthi E Margariti4
11st Department of Orthopaedics, P. & A. Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece. evmorfia.pechlivanidou@gmail.com.
International Orthopaedics
|July 11, 2023
Summary
Orthopaedic surgery shows significant gender inequality for both surgeons and patients. Addressing these biases is crucial for an equitable healthcare system and improved patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Orthopaedic Surgery
- Gender Equality Studies
- Healthcare Disparities
Background:
- Orthopaedic surgery lags behind other surgical fields in gender equity.
- Women face underrepresentation and career challenges in orthopaedics.
- Gender significantly impacts patient risk, prognosis, and treatment in orthopaedic care.
Approach:
- Systematic review of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases.
- Inclusion of 59 human studies (1987-2023) focusing on gender gap in orthopaedics.
- Exclusion of studies on pregnant women and patients with comorbidities where gender is a risk factor.
Key Points:
- Women are underrepresented in academic orthopaedics and leadership roles.
- Female gender is a risk factor for degenerative diseases and sports injuries.
- Women receive fewer surgical recommendations, often for more severe conditions.
Conclusions:
- Gender disparities influence patient-physician and healthcare system interactions.
- Recognizing and mitigating biases are essential for an egalitarian workplace.
- Creating an unbiased system ensures optimal patient treatment and care.
