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Related Concept Videos

Shape and Texture of Coarse Aggregate01:25

Shape and Texture of Coarse Aggregate

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Aggregate shape is classified based on the relative sharpness or roundness of the edges and corners. This classification includes categories like rounded, angular, elongated, and flaky, each with specific characteristics. Rounded aggregates, fully shaped by attrition, are typical of river or seashore gravel, while angular aggregates, such as crushed rock, have well-defined edges. Aggregates that are elongated and flaky are less desirable, as they can reduce the workability and strength of...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 23, 2025

Processing Embryo, Eggshell, and Fungal Culture for Scanning Electron Microscopy
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Surface texture heterogeneity in maculated bird eggshells.

Marie R G Attard1,2,3, James Bowen2, Steven J Portugal1,4

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK.

Journal of the Royal Society, Interface
|July 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bird eggshells with patterns have rougher pigment spots than their background. This surface texture difference is linked to habitat and other life-history traits, suggesting evolutionary influences on eggshell structure.

Keywords:
birdeggshellmaculationroughnesssurface texturetopography

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Zoology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Bird eggshells exhibit diverse coloration and patterns, with proposed functions including crypsis, thermoregulation, and signaling.
  • Eggshell pigmentation may influence surface texture, impacting interactions with water and microbes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if patterned (maculated) eggshells have different surface topography compared to non-patterned (immaculate) eggs.
  • To determine the relationship between eggshell pigmentation, surface texture, and life-history traits across bird species.

Main Methods:

  • Measured surface roughness (Sa), skewness (Ssk), and kurtosis (Sku) of eggshells from 204 maculated and 166 immaculate species.
  • Utilized phylogenetically controlled analyses to assess differences in surface topography and identify predictors of eggshell structure.

Main Results:

  • Maculated eggshells showed significantly rougher foreground pigment compared to background pigment in 71% of studied species.
  • Immaculate eggshells did not differ in surface texture from the background pigment of maculated eggs.
  • Differences in surface roughness were more pronounced in species from dense habitats and correlated with various life-history traits like diet, nest type, and clutch size.

Conclusions:

  • Eggshell surface texture, particularly the difference between foreground and background pigmentation, is shaped by evolutionary pressures related to habitat and life-history strategies.
  • Life-history traits play a significant role in the diversification of eggshell surface textures in modern birds.