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Persistent fifth aortic arch: a comprehensive literature review.

Haiyan Shan1, Xiaolan Du1, Guangrong Zheng1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Yan'an Hospital of Kunming City, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|July 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Persistent fifth aortic arch (PFAA) is a rare congenital heart defect. This review clarifies its development, diagnosis, and treatment to aid clinicians in identifying this often-missed condition.

Keywords:
classificationdiagnosisimagingpersistent fifth aortic archtreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Embryology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Persistent fifth aortic arch (PFAA) is an extremely rare congenital cardiovascular anomaly.
  • It arises from the failure of the fifth aortic arch to degenerate during embryonic development.
  • PFAA is frequently associated with other cardiovascular anomalies and often misdiagnosed due to limited understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the embryonic development of PFAA.
  • To outline the pathological classification of PFAA.
  • To review imaging diagnosis and clinical treatment strategies for PFAA to improve understanding and clinical outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on embryonic development.
  • Analysis of pathological classifications.
  • Synthesis of imaging diagnostic techniques.
  • Compilation of clinical treatment approaches.

Main Results:

  • Detailed description of PFAA's embryological origin.
  • Categorization of PFAA based on pathological findings.
  • Overview of diagnostic modalities including echocardiography, MRI, and CT.
  • Discussion of surgical and non-surgical treatment options.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of PFAA is challenging due to its rarity.
  • Comprehensive understanding of its development and presentation is crucial.
  • Improved diagnostic and treatment strategies are needed to enhance patient care for PFAA.