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Zinc Supplementation Associated With a Decrease in Mortality in COVID-19 Patients: A Meta-Analysis.

Spencer Z Rheingold1, Chirag Raval1, Antonio M Gordon2

  • 1Research, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Davie, USA.

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Summary

Zinc supplementation may reduce mortality risk in COVID-19 patients. This meta-analysis found zinc reduced death rates but did not significantly alter symptom severity in infected individuals. Further research is warranted.

Keywords:
coronaviruscovidcovid 19covid 19 mortalitycovid and zincsars cov 2sars-cov-2supplementationzinczinc supplementation

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Immunology
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Meta-Analysis and Biostatistics

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread mortality and socioeconomic disruption.
  • The role of nutritional supplements, specifically zinc, in managing COVID-19 remains debated.
  • Understanding zinc's impact on COVID-19 outcomes is crucial for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To meta-analyze the association between zinc supplementation and mortality in COVID-19 patients.
  • To investigate the impact of zinc supplementation on COVID-19 symptomatology.
  • To evaluate zinc as a potential cost-effective intervention for COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic meta-analysis was performed using data from PubMed/Medline, Cochrane, Web of Science, and CINAHL Complete.
  • Search terms included "zinc", "covid", "sars-cov-2", "COVID-19", and "coronavirus".
  • Five studies assessed mortality and two assessed symptomatology, analyzed using R 4.2.1 software following PRISMA guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Zinc supplementation was associated with a reduced risk of mortality in COVID-19 patients (RR=0.63, p=0.005).
  • No significant difference in symptomatology was observed between zinc-supplemented and non-supplemented groups (RR=0.52, p=0.578).
  • Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I² index.

Conclusions:

  • Zinc supplementation appears to be associated with decreased mortality among individuals with COVID-19.
  • Zinc supplementation did not demonstrate a significant impact on the symptomatology of COVID-19.
  • Zinc's availability and cost-effectiveness suggest potential value in mitigating severe COVID-19 outcomes.