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Related Concept Videos

Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

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Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
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Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

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Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
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B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
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Lymphoid Cells and Tissues01:18

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

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Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...
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Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes01:23

Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes

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Lymph nodes are bean-shaped structures that cluster along the lymphatic vessels in the inguinal, axillary, and cervical regions. Each node is divided into compartments by a capsule that extends trabeculae inward.
From a histological perspective, lymph nodes can be split into two main areas: the superficial cortex and the deep medulla. The outer cortex is populated by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes, which are densely packed into follicles. When these B-lymphocytes are presented...
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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

1.0K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Allison Barraclough1,2, Eliza Hawkes3,4, Laurie H Sehn5

  • 1Department of Haematology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

Hematological Oncology
|July 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Advances in treating aggressive large B-cell lymphoma offer new hope. The POLARIX trial shows improved progression-free survival, with new therapies emerging for relapsed and refractory cases.

Keywords:
antibody‐drug conjugatesdiffuse large B‐cell lymphomaolder adultstreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) is the most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma, causing significant global mortality.
  • Current treatments, including CHOP and rituximab plus CHOP, aim for cure but are not universally effective due to disease heterogeneity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in the treatment of large B-cell lymphoma.
  • To highlight progress in frontline, relapsed, and refractory settings.
  • To address disparities in clinical trial representation for special populations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical trial data, including the POLARIX trial.
  • Analysis of emerging therapeutic agents and strategies.
  • Discussion of treatment outcomes in various patient populations.

Main Results:

  • The POLARIX trial demonstrated improved progression-free survival in a frontline setting.
  • Multiple new agents and bispecific antibodies are available for relapsed and refractory LBCL.
  • Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy is an effective option in the second-line setting.

Conclusions:

  • Significant therapeutic progress is being made in large B-cell lymphoma treatment.
  • New strategies offer improved outcomes for a larger proportion of patients.
  • Ongoing research aims to address treatment disparities in underrepresented groups, such as older adults.