Recurrent cervical adenofibroma progressing to adenosarcoma: a rare case report

Cervical adenofibroma is a rare form of mixed mesodermal tumor that can present as cervical polyps with a tendency for local recurrence and progression. Few cases progressing to adenosarcoma have previously been reported. We report a case of cervical adenofibroma progressing to adenosarcoma, and we seek to remind clinicians of the method and importance of the differential diagnosis of this disease. A fertile woman was admitted in our department for the eighth recurrence of a cervical polypoidal mass which for the past 10 years. Recurrence of cervical adenofibroma was confirmed by ultrasound and MRI. A wide local excision under hysteroscopy was performed due to her strong desire to preserve the uterus. Surgical pathology and immunohistochemical interpretation revealed cervical adenosarcoma. A hysterectomy with conservation of the ovaries was recommended, with regular follow-ups for evidence of disease recurrence.

Differential diagnoses of cervical adenofibroma are hard to prove. Adenosarcoma should be ruled out, especially in women presenting with recurrent cervical polypoidal masses. A combined histological/immunohistochemical investigation is mandatory.