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Updated: Jul 23, 2025

Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography
03:35

Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography

Published on: December 1, 2023

335

Sociodemographic, behavioral, obstetric, and healthcare factors associated with low weight at birth: a case-control

Viviane Tazinasso Cluzeni1, Guilherme Welter Wendt2, Lirane Elize Defante Ferreto3

  • 1MSc. Nutritionist and Student, Postgraduate Program of Applied Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Francisco Beltrão (PR), Brazil.

Sao Paulo Medical Journal = Revista Paulista De Medicina
|July 12, 2023
PubMed

Insights

This study found that shorter gestational weeks and lower paternal education are linked to low birth weight (LBW). Interventions focusing on these factors can help reduce LBW risks in newborns.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Neonatal Research
  • Social Epidemiology

Background:

  • Low birth weight (LBW) is a significant public health concern, increasing infant morbimortality.
  • Understanding social determinants is key for effective preventive strategies against LBW.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors associated with LBW in newborns served by Brazil's Unified Health System.
  • To analyze the relationship between maternal and paternal characteristics and LBW.

Main Methods:

  • Case-control study analyzing data from newborns and mothers in Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil.
  • Cases: babies weighing ≤ 2,500 g (n=26); Controls: babies weighing > 2,500 g (n=52), paired by sex and birth date.
  • Logistic regression used to determine factors associated with LBW, with 87% statistical power.

Main Results:

  • Bivariate analysis showed higher rates of smoking and fewer gestational weeks among mothers of LBW infants.
  • Logistic regression identified shorter gestational weeks (OR=0.17) and higher paternal education (OR=0.22) as protective factors against LBW.
  • Paternal educational level (high school or above) was significantly associated with reduced LBW risk.

Conclusions:

  • Findings confirm the multifactorial nature of LBW.
  • Gestational week is a critical factor, potentially reducing LBW risk by 82%.
  • The association with paternal education highlights the need for comprehensive public health policies to protect newborns.
Abstract

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