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Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they produce ions...

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A simplified protocol for gene expression-based biological dosimetry using peripheral whole blood.

Shuchi Bhagi1, Sudhir Chandna1

  • 1Division of Molecular & Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig SK Mazumdar Marg, Delhi, 110054, India.

International Journal of Radiation Biology
|July 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Incubating whole blood at 37°C for 24 hours optimizes radiation-responsive gene expression for biodosimetry. This method enhances the sensitivity of radiation dose assessment, particularly for DDB2 and FDXR genes.

Keywords:
Radiation biodosimetrygene expressionradiation responsive genesstorage temperatureunaltered whole blood

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Area of Science:

  • Radiation biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Radiation biodosimetry aims to assess radiation exposure levels.
  • Gene expression analysis in peripheral blood cells offers a high-throughput biodosimetry approach.
  • Optimizing sample handling is crucial for reliable gene expression biodosimetry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of storage temperature and incubation time on radiation-responsive gene expression in whole blood.
  • To identify optimal conditions for enhancing gene expression-based radiation biodosimetry.
  • To simplify sample processing for biodosimetry applications.

Main Methods:

  • Whole peripheral blood samples were ex vivo irradiated at various doses (0.5-4 Gy).
  • Irradiated samples were incubated at 4°C or 37°C for 2, 4, and 24 hours.
  • Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to analyze mRNA expression of 19 radiation-responsive genes.

Main Results:

  • Incubation at 4°C did not significantly alter gene expression compared to controls.
  • Incubation at 37°C for 24 hours induced significant overexpression in 14 of 19 genes.
  • DDB2 and FDXR showed the most significant and consistent upregulation at 37°C.

Conclusions:

  • Incubating undiluted whole blood at 37°C for 24 hours provides optimal conditions for radiation-responsive gene expression analysis.
  • This optimized protocol enhances the sensitivity of gene expression biodosimetry.
  • The findings support the use of physiological temperature incubation for up to 24 hours in biodosimetry triage applications.