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Phenibut toxicosis in a dog.

Michael Sahagian1, Alicia Mastrocco1, Jennifer Prittie1

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Summary

A dog survived severe neurological and cardiovascular toxicity after ingesting phenibut, a neuropsychotropic drug. Prompt specialist care and supportive treatments led to a full recovery, highlighting phenibut

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Neurology
  • Toxicology
  • Companion Animal Medicine

Background:

  • Phenibut (beta-phenyl-gamma-aminobutyric acid) is a neuropsychotropic drug with increasing human use.
  • Limited data exists on phenibut toxicity in veterinary medicine.
  • Understanding phenibut's effects in companion animals is crucial due to its availability.

Observation:

  • A 2-year-old Weimaraner ingested a large dose of phenibut (approx. 1600 mg/kg).
  • The dog presented with severe neurological (unresponsiveness, agitation) and cardiovascular (tachycardia, hypertension) abnormalities.
  • Clinical signs included hyperthermia, hypoglycemia, rhabdomyolysis, and hepatic enzyme elevation.

Findings:

  • Supportive care, including IV fluids, antiepileptics, and IV lipid emulsion, was administered.
  • The dog received dextrose supplementation for hypoglycemia and flumazenil.
  • Over 48 hours, clinical signs improved, and laboratory abnormalities resolved, leading to full recovery within a week.

Implications:

  • This case demonstrates successful management of severe phenibut intoxication in a dog.
  • It underscores the potential for serious toxicity from phenibut ingestion in companion animals.
  • Highlights the need for veterinary awareness and treatment protocols for phenibut toxicosis.