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Generating Functional Multicellular Organoids from Human Placenta Villi.

Lijun Huang1, Zhaowei Tu1, Liudan Wei1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|July 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed placenta villi organoids (PVOs) to study pregnancy. These organoids accurately model placental tissue, aiding research into pregnancy complications and potential treatments.

Keywords:
immune cellorganoidplacenta villipreeclampsiatrophoblast

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The maternal-fetal interface, comprising trophoblasts, stromal cells, and immune cells, is vital for pregnancy success.
  • Investigating placental interactions is challenging due to limited experimental models.
  • Efficient models are needed to understand placental development and disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a reliable method for generating placenta villi organoids (PVOs).
  • To create a model system that recapitulates placental cellular composition and genetic features.
  • To investigate placental pathologies, such as preeclampsia, using PVOs.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of PVOs from early, late, and diseased pregnancies using air-liquid surface culture.
  • Analysis of PVOs using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA) and whole-exome sequencing (WES).
  • Comparison of PVOs with original placental tissue to validate recapitulation of cellular and genetic profiles.

Main Results:

  • PVOs successfully mimic the cellular components and genetic alterations of the source placental tissue.
  • PVOs derived from preeclampsia patients display characteristic pathological features, including inflammation and antiangiogenic imbalance.
  • Cytotrophoblasts in PVOs demonstrate self-renewal and direct differentiation capabilities, while stromal elements retain immune cells.

Conclusions:

  • The developed PVO model provides a robust platform for studying placental development.
  • PVOs facilitate deeper investigation into the pathogenesis of placenta-originated diseases.
  • This model holds potential for exploring therapeutic strategies for pregnancy complications.