Oral bacterial composition associated with lung function and lung inflammation in a community-based Norwegian...

Area of Science:

• Microbiome research
• Pulmonary medicine
• Oral health

Background:

• The oral cavity harbors bacteria that can influence lung health.
• Disruptions in oral microbiota balance are linked to respiratory diseases.
• Associations between oral bacteria and respiratory outcomes in the general population are not well understood.

Discussion:

• This study investigated the relationship between oral bacteria, lung function, and airway inflammation in a community-based cohort.
• Gingival fluid samples were analyzed for bacterial DNA using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
• Lung function was assessed via spirometry, and airway inflammation was measured by fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO).

Key Insights:

• Specific oral bacterial genera, including Clostridiales, Achromobacter, Moraxella, Flavitalea, and Helicobacter, showed differential abundance in individuals with low forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1).
• Twenty-three genera differed in abundance between individuals with low forced vital capacity (FVC) and those with normal lung function.
• The abundance of 27 bacterial genera was significantly different in individuals with elevated FeNO levels, indicating airway inflammation.

Outlook:

• Findings suggest a link between oral bacterial composition and respiratory health indicators.
• Further research can explore causal relationships and therapeutic interventions targeting the oral microbiome for respiratory disease prevention or management.
• This study highlights the importance of considering oral health in the context of pulmonary conditions.