Racial Differences in Perceptions of Genetic Wellness Programs

Area of Science:

• Workforce wellness
• Genetic risk assessment
• Employee health programs

Background:

• Genetic wellness programs (GWPs) are emerging workforce benefits utilizing DNA sequencing for disease risk identification.
• These programs are increasingly marketed to U.S. employers by numerous vendors.
• Understanding employee perceptions is crucial for GWP adoption and effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore employee perceptions, concerns, and barriers regarding Genetic wellness programs (GWPs).
• To examine these factors across different racial/ethnic backgrounds (Black, White, Asian) and income levels.
• To identify potential disparities in GWP acceptance and willingness to participate.

Main Methods:

• A qualitative study employing 3 focus groups (FGs) with 21 employees from large high-technology companies.
• Participants were recruited online.
• Focus group discussions were guided by a literature-informed guide, audio-recorded, and content analyzed for key themes.

Main Results:

• While most employees perceived personal benefits from GWPs, significant risk perception differences emerged between Black and White/Asian respondents.
• Concerns centered on privacy, discrimination, family impact, and employer relations.
• Willingness to participate varied significantly: only 27% of Black employees would participate versus 90% of others.

Conclusions:

• Employer adoption of GWPs may be supported by most employees.
• Black employees express substantial concerns that need to be addressed.
• Tailoring GWP design to mitigate these concerns can enhance trust and participation for all employees.