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This study contrasts two theories of norm psychology. It proposes a cultural-evolutionary view where implicit, general cognitive processes and explicit, culturally learned ones shape normativity, emphasizing societal responsibility.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Evolutionary Psychology
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Human behavior is governed by norms, crucial for social cooperation.
  • Existing cognitive-evolutionary theories of norm psychology focus on genetically inherited, specialized mechanisms for processing rules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the current cognitive-evolutionary account of norm psychology.
  • To propose an alternative cultural-evolutionary perspective on normativity.
  • To promote interdisciplinary dialogue on the origins and maintenance of social norms.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis and synthesis of existing evidence.
  • Comparison of a nativist (rule-focused) account with a cultural-evolutionary (behavior-focused) account.
  • Examination of implicit (domain-general, genetic) and explicit (domain-specific, cultural) processes.

Main Results:

  • The proposed cultural-evolutionary model defines normativity through behavior (compliance, enforcement, commentary).
  • Implicit cognitive processes are domain-general and genetically inherited.
  • Explicit cognitive processes are domain-specific, culturally inherited, and developed through social interaction.

Conclusions:

  • The cultural-evolutionary perspective, or 'cognitive gadget' view, highlights the active role of individuals in sustaining normativity.
  • Societal actors (parents, educators, etc.) are responsible for shaping and transmitting norms.
  • Human actions create the cognitive and motivational processes necessary for norm understanding and adherence in each generation.