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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Ceramic Omnidirectional Bioprinting in Cell-Laden Suspensions for the Generation of Bone Analogs
Published on: August 8, 2022
Hydroxyapatite/Polyurethane Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering
Tianyu Zhang1, Jingxuan Li1, Yahui Wang1
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for Nanobiomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, PR China.
Abstract:
Polyurethane (PU) and PU ceramic scaffolds are the principal materials investigated for developing synthetic bone materials due to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. PU has been combined with calcium phosphate (such as hydroxyapatite [HA] and tricalcium phosphate) to prepare scaffolds with enhanced mechanical properties and biocompatibility. This article reviews the latest progress in the design, synthesis, modification, and biological attributes of HA/PU scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Diverse HA/PU scaffolds have been proposed and discussed in terms of their osteogenic, antimicrobial, biocompatibility, and bioactivities. The application progress of HA/PU scaffolds in bone tissue engineering is predominantly introduced, including bone repair, bone defect filling, drug delivery, and long-term implants.
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