Fibroblastic and Myofibroblastic Soft-Tissue Tumors: Imaging Spectrum and Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Radiology
• Pathology

Background:

• Fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors encompass a spectrum of neoplasms, from benign to malignant.
• These tumors frequently affect the pediatric population and their clinical presentation varies with location and behavior.
• The 2020 World Health Organization (WHO) classification system categorizes these tumors into four groups based on biologic behavior, histomorphology, and molecular profiles.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the radiologic-pathologic correlations of fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors.
• To highlight how imaging detection of tumor components can aid in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment planning.
• To emphasize the importance of understanding these correlations for accurate percutaneous biopsy and avoiding unnecessary interventions.

Main Methods:

• Review of imaging characteristics (e.g., T2-weighted MR signal intensity) of fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors.
• Correlation of imaging findings with histopathologic variations (e.g., myxoid matrix, cellularity, collagen content).
• Classification of tumors according to the 2020 WHO system.

Main Results:

• Imaging features, such as signal intensity on T2-weighted MR images, can predict histopathologic variations.
• Myxoid or necrotic components correlate with high T2 signal intensity.
• Hypercellularity and dense collagen content correlate with low T2 signal intensity.

Conclusions:

• Radiologic-pathologic correlation is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumors.
• Understanding these correlations improves diagnostic accuracy and can guide treatment strategies.
• This knowledge aids in optimizing percutaneous biopsy procedures and preventing unnecessary interventions.