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Related Concept Videos

RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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ATP synthase or ATPase is among the most conserved proteins found in bacteria, mammals, and plants. This enzyme can catalyze a forward reaction in response to the electrochemical gradient, producing ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. ATP synthase can also work in a reverse direction by hydrolyzing ATP and generating an electrochemical gradient. Different forms of ATP synthases have evolved special features to meet the specific demands of the cell. Based on their specific feature, ATP...
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In animals, the mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase is the key protein that synthesizes ATP molecules through a complex catalytic mechanism. While the nuclear genome encodes the majority of ATP synthase subunits, the mitochondrial genome encodes some of the enzyme's most critical components. The formation of this multi-subunit enzyme is a complex multi-step process regulated at the level of transcription, translation, and assembly. Defects in one or more of these steps can result in decreased...
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DNA unwinding helicase enzymes are a type of motor protein. Motor proteins can translocate along filaments or polymers using energy generated from ATP hydrolysis. Helicases are involved in all the important cellular processes where DNA unwinding is required, such as DNA replication, repair, recombination, and transcription. They are present in all living organisms, but vary in their structure, function, and mechanism of action. For example, in prokaryotes, DnaB helicase binds and translocates...
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Enzymes like flippase, floppase, and scramblase transfer phospholipids from one layer to another in the membrane, thereby affecting membrane asymmetry.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 23, 2025

ACT1-CUP1 Assays Determine the Substrate-Specific Sensitivities of Spliceosomal Mutants in Budding Yeast
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Structure and function of spliceosomal DEAH-box ATPases.

Marieke Enders1, Piotr Neumann1, Achim Dickmanns1

  • 1Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), Georg-August-University Göttingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.

Biological Chemistry
|July 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Eukaryotic mRNA splicing relies on the spliceosome, a machine with four essential DEAH-box ATPases. Integrative structural biology revealed their crucial roles in splicing, from activation to disassembly.

Keywords:
ATPasehelicasespliceosomestructure

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Eukaryotic precursor messenger RNA (mRNA) splicing is a fundamental process.
  • The spliceosome, a large macromolecular machine, executes mRNA splicing.
  • Four DEAH-box ATPases are critical components of the spliceosome, involved in multiple catalytic steps.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the structure, dynamics, and function of spliceosomal DEAH-box ATPases.
  • To understand the mechanistic roles of these ATPases in spliceosome activation, catalysis, and disassembly.

Main Methods:

  • X-ray crystallography
  • Single particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM)
  • Single-molecule Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (smFRET)
  • Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations

Main Results:

  • Provided high-resolution structural insights into DEAH-box ATPases within the spliceosome.
  • Characterized the dynamic behavior of these enzymes during the splicing cycle.
  • Detailed their functional contributions to key spliceosome events, including activation, catalysis, and disassembly.

Conclusions:

  • Integrative structural and dynamic studies offer a comprehensive understanding of spliceosomal DEAH-box ATPase mechanisms.
  • These enzymes are crucial regulators of spliceosome function throughout the splicing pathway.
  • Insights into spliceosome dynamics advance our knowledge of eukaryotic gene expression regulation.