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Quality indicators of hospitalized children influenced by clinical pharmacist services: A systematic review
Thaciana Dos Santos Alcântara1, Gabriela Andrade Conrado Carvalho1, Júlia Mirão Sanchez1
1Laboratory of Teaching and Research in Social Pharmacy (LEPFS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
Insights
Pharmaceutical clinical services significantly improve pediatric hospital care by reducing hospital stay and readmissions. Key interventions include pharmacotherapy review, multidisciplinary team involvement, and antimicrobial stewardship programs, leading to better clinical and economic outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Hospital Pharmacy
- Clinical Pharmacy Services
- Healthcare Quality Improvement
Background:
- Optimizing pediatric inpatient care requires rational medication use, driven by pharmacists and multidisciplinary teams.
- Evaluating pharmaceutical clinical services through quality indicators is crucial for strategic decision-making.
Approach:
- A systematic review was conducted, searching major databases (Cochrane, Embase, Lilacs, PubMed, Web of Science).
- Studies evaluating the impact of pharmaceutical clinical services on clinical, economic, and humanistic outcomes were included.
Key Points:
- Eleven studies were included, identifying four key pharmaceutical services: pharmacotherapy review, multiprofessional team interventions, antimicrobial stewardship programs, and discharge pharmaceutical services.
- These services significantly reduced length of hospital stay (e.g., 6.45 days vs. 10.83 days with multiprofessional team interventions) and hospital readmissions (30-day reduction with antimicrobial stewardship).
- Additional benefits included reduced hospital costs and improved caregiver satisfaction.
Conclusions:
- Pharmacotherapy review, multiprofessional team interventions, and Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs demonstrably reduce length of hospital stay and hospital readmissions in pediatric patients.
- These pharmaceutical interventions also lead to significant reductions in overall hospital costs.
- The findings underscore the value of integrated pharmaceutical care in improving pediatric healthcare outcomes.
Background:
Care for children who are hospitalized can be optimized if the pharmacist, in conjunction with the multidisciplinary team, promotes the rational use of medicines. In this sense, the evaluation of the quality of these clinical services through indicators is important in the planning, decision making of pharmacists and managers of these services.
Objective:
To characterize which health indicators were influenced by the pharmaceutical clinical services for the care of children in hospitals.
Methods:
A systematic review was performed. The search for data was made on the bases: Cochrane, Embase, Lilacs, Pubmed and Web of Science. Then, the search included studies in which evaluated the impact of pharmaceutical clinical services on clinical, economic and humanistic outcomes.
Results:
The search resulted in 11 included studies. In this review, four pharmaceutical clinical services were found: pharmacotherapy review, multiprofessional team interventions, antimicrobial stewardship program and pharmaceutical services at discharge hospital. The most influenced outcome indicators were length of hospital stay, with average time in the group that received the pharmacotherapy review service, and interventions multiprofessional team with a 6.45-day vs. 10.83 days in the control group; hospital readmissions with a significant reduction of non-scheduled readmission of 30 days in the ntimicrobial stewardship program; reduction of hospital costs and caregiver satisfaction.
Conclusion:
In this study, we can highlight that pharmacotherapy review, multiprofessional team interventions and Antimicrobial Stewardship Program that significantly reduced the clinical results of length of hospital stay and hospital readmission, as well as a significant reduction of hospital costs.
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